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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>American Journal of PharmTech Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AJPTR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2249-3387</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>undefined</publisher-name>
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    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AJPTR022130</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Brief Insight into Rational and Novel Approaches to Ocular Drug Delivery</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shah</surname>
            <given-names>Mansi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shah</surname>
            <given-names>Sanket</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Agarwal</surname>
            <given-names>Y. K.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">Department of Research &amp; Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India-382007</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2012-04-01">
        <month>04</month>
        <day>01</day>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <abstract>
        <p>As an isolated organ, eye is very difficult to study from a drug delivery point of view. Ophthalmic drug delivery is extremely interesting and highly challenging endeavours. In recent scenario, most eye-diseases are treated with topical application of eye-drops. But these conventional eye-drops have two major problems. 1) It needs frequent administration at every 4 hours or 1 hour if the infection is severe and 2) Formation of crystalline deposits on cornea due to its pH-dependent solubility which is very low. In order to provide the solution to above problems many new formulations have been developed, which include nanosuspension, nanoemulsion, inserts, hydrogels, in-situ gel, etc. The poor bioavailability of ophthalmic solution caused by dilution and drainage from the eye can be overcome by using in-situ forming ophthalmic drug delivery system prepared from polymers that exhibit reversible liquid-gel phase transition. The developed formulation provides better drug product effectiveness, reliability, stability, safety, non-irritancy and prolonged release. Thus, it’s a viable alternative to conventional eye-drops by virtue of its ability to enhance bioavailability through its longer pre-corneal residence time &amp; ability to provide prolonged drug release upto 8 hours. The main important factor is the reduced frequency &amp; the ease of installation resulting in better patient acceptance. Keywords: Ophthalmic delivery, in-situ gel, polymers, liquid-gel phase transition, pre-corneal residence time, prolonged drug release.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Ophthalmic delivery</kwd>
        <kwd>in-situ gel</kwd>
        <kwd>polymers</kwd>
        <kwd>liquid-gel phase transition</kwd>
        <kwd>pre-corneal residence time</kwd>
        <kwd>prolonged drug release.</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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