Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum Lam.) is a popular pulse, locally known as Kollu belongs to the family Fabaceae that still remain an under exploited legume crop. Horse gram seeds are rich in protein and consumed in majority by poorest section of the society.  It is rich in protein, iron, calcium and polyphenols. Different part of the plants are used for the treatment of heart disease, asthma, bronchitis , urinary discharges and for treatment of kidney stones. The present paper is an overview on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties reported in the literature.