This study was aimed at identifying the CLINICO-EPIDEMOLOGICAL study of underlying HIV–TB coinfection. A retrospective review of patient records was done from the antiretroviral therapy center (ART) at a government hospital in southern India between June 2018 and April 2019. Secondary data of 10155 patients on ART as well as pre-ART were collected between January 2009 and December 2018 and were analyzed. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used with SPSS version 15.0 The prevalence of HIV-TB coinfection 0.13% among the sample was taken. HIV–TB coinfection was increased in trend of population from 1.41% in 2009 to 45.3% in 2018 until when the data were included in this study. The proportion of HIV infection among those registering at this particular ART center decreased from 18.7% in 2009 to 6.44% in 2018. The prevalence of HIV infection and HIV-TB coinfection higher in males (3.73% & 33.3%) than females (3.20% & 12.05%) respectively among those registering at this particular ART center. The fatality rate of HIV infection was decreased from 23.4% in 2009 to 2.33% in 2018. The CD4 count (200 cells/µl) lower in co-infected patients than HIV infected patients. The increasing trend of HIV–TB cases observed in this population from 1.41% in 2009 to 45.3% in December 2018. Creating grass root level awareness coupled with aggressive case finding in suspected high-risk population may be key in preventing and early detection of the dual infections.