Removal of Lead (II) ions from waste water using Lebanese scabiosaprolifera (Carmel Daisy) as adsorbent

Lebanese scabiosaprolifera(Carmel Daisy) was used to remove Pb (II) free ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption process was found to be dependent on pH, Temperature, contact time, adsorbent dose and concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity was obtained at pH 5 after 1 hour at 25 ͦC. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were employed to interpret the adsorption behavior, with a better fit to Langmuir. This adsorption is a spontaneous process with applicability to pseudo second order kinetic model. It was concluded that scabiosaprolifera is an effective, low cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent.