Poonam Ankush Jadhav

Mosquito-borne diseases continue to pose a significant public health challenge worldwide, increasing the demand for safe, effective, and environmentally friendly mosquito repellents. The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a herbal mosquito repellent cream containing extracts of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), neem (Azadirachta indica), tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), and clove (Syzygium aromaticum), which are well known for their insect-repellent and antimicrobial properties. The herbal extracts were incorporated into a cream base using the emulsification method to obtain a stable topical formulation. The prepared cream was evaluated for its organoleptic characteristics, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, viscosity, washability, irritancy, stability, and mosquito repellent activity. The formulation exhibited acceptable physicochemical properties, good stability, and was non-irritant to the skin. The mosquito repellent evaluation demonstrated satisfactory protection against mosquito bites for a considerable duration, indicating the synergistic effect of the selected herbal ingredients. The findings suggest that the developed herbal mosquito repellent cream is a promising natural alternative to synthetic chemical repellents, offering effective protection with improved safety and better skin compatibility. Further studies involving large-scale stability testing and clinical evaluation are recommended to establish its long-term efficacy and commercial potential. Keywords: Herbal mosquito repellent cream, Lemongrass, Neem, Tulsi, Clove, Herbal formulation, Topical cream, Natural insect repellent.

Nanotechnology is the science that deals with matter at the scale of 1 billionth of a meter and is also the study of manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular scale. Recently particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the quality of human life. The potential use of polymeric nanoparticles as carriers for a wide range of drugs for therapeutic applications has been increased due to their versatility and wide range of properties Different types of nanoparticulate material used in electronic, magnetic pharmaceutical, cosmetics, energy, catalytic and material industries. In this review the synthesis method of nanoparticles and their applications has been discussed Keywords:  Nanoparticles, Methods of preparation evaluation, route of administration

Murraya koenigi is a medium sized tree belonging to the family Rutaceae. The major constituents present in the Murraya koenigii leaves treat burns, bruises. Ayurveda is a traditional Indian medicinal system practiced for thousands of years. Natural remedies are more acceptable in the faith that they are safer with less side effects than the synthetic ones. The novel formulations are reported to have remarkable advantages over conventional formulations of plant actives and extracts which include enhancement of solubility, bioavailability, protection from toxicity, enhancement of pharmacological activity, enhancement of stability, improved tissue macrophages distribution, sustained delivery and protection from physical and chemical degradation. Our main purpose is to treat/heal wound at faster rate with minimum side effects. Nanosponges alone are difficult to use on local tissues because they diffuse away to other parts of the body very quickly so to overcome the drawback we combined nanosponges with the herbal extract of Murraya Koenigii. According to literature survey it was found that etanolic and aqueous extract shows good wound healing results. Research on curry leaves revealed that they are also effective in fighting bacterial and fungal infections. The leaf extracts from the plant have been comparable to popular main stream antibiotic drugs. During this research work, we prepared ethanolic extract of Murraya Koenigii leaves and prepared nanosponges from it for treating burn wound. The nanosponges are prepared by Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method. The prepared nanosponges were evaluated for various in-vitro parameters and the results obtained were satisfactory.