Anti-ulcer activity

Peptic ulcer is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by mucosal damage in the stomach or duodenum due to an imbalance between aggressive factors such as gastric acid and protective mucosal defense. Conventional anti-ulcer drugs, although effective, are often associated with high cost and adverse effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate polyherbal floating tablets as a safer and more effective alternative for gastric ulcer management. The formulation incorporated extracts of Annona squamosa with sodium bicarbonate as a gas-generating agent to enhance buoyancy and prolong gastric retention. Tablets were prepared using the direct compression method by blending plant extracts with suitable polymers and excipients. The prepared formulations were evaluated for physicochemical properties and showed satisfactory results. The floating drug delivery system demonstrated potential for prolonged gastric residence time, which may improve therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance.

Ulcer is lesion on skin or internal linings of organs or Gastro-intestinal tract, which leads to degradation of cells in the area of occurrence which may be followed by bleeding or cancer at later stages. Peptic Ulcer Disease known as Ulcus pepticum have mucosal erosions equal to or greater than 0.5 cm of an area of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually acidic and thus extremely painful. The present study was to evaluate Anti-ulcer activity in Trichosanthes dioica (Roxb.) via experimental ulcer models in animals through Histopathology study of Rat’s stomach. The leaves of Trichosanthes dioica (Roxb.) were collected from farms in and around Hastinapur district. Around two kilograms of the leaves of plant shrub were collected and were kept in shade for the purpose of drying the leaves completely. Sprague-Dawley rats (150 – 200 g) were procured from the animal house of Subharti University (n=90). The three animal models were used for the present study, mainly, Pylorus ligation, Ethanol Induced and Indomethacin (NSAID’s) ulcer models. Five groups of Animals were made, with n=6 for each group. The histopathology study of rat’s stomach was carried out for each ulcer model, and during the examination of rat’s stomach, it was clearly shown, that Trichosanthes dioica has potent Anti-ulcer activity. The Research thus primarily focuses using the plant for further study and to bring an effective and efficient ulcer healing drug in the market.

In the present study we have developed a non-effervescent gastro retentive dosage form containing pantoprazole sodium by emulsion solvent diffusion method. A 23 full factorial design was used for the optimization process and the various responses obtained were evaluated by fitting in the binomial equations. Formulations ERS 1-8 were made utilizing three independent variables such as amount of crospovidone (%), Eudragit®E100 (mg) and Eudragit®RS100 (mg) which were varied at low and high levels and are evaluated for percentage buoyancy, entrapment efficiency and cumulative drug release after 5 h in buffer pH 2.2. The experimental values of the optimized formulation ERS-O coincides well with the predicted values obtained from optimization technique. Design expert 9.0.3 predicts responses as % buoyancy of 75.04±0.05, % entrapment efficiency of 87.57±0.21 and cumulative drug release after 5 h of 97.93±0.15 which were close to the actual values validates the design. The optimized formulation were in size range 20-120 µm with spherical shape, internal hollow cavity and porous boundary wall, moreover only physical cross-linking occurred with zero order release pattern and the in vivo analysis through ethanol induced ulceration method gave better ulcer healing orally than the intravenous route.