ABSTRACT

This study was carried out on dry tubers of Cyperus esculentus (Cyperaceae), collected in three northern localities of Côte d'Ivoire, with the aim of determining the mineral, phenolic and nutritional compositions of whole tubers and its defatted flour. The mineral composition was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the quantitative determination of the phytoconstituents was carried out by spectrophotometry. The nutritional and antinutritional parameters were determined by spectrophotometric and titration methods. As a result of the study, it was found that Cyperus esculentus tubers contain many macro- and trace elements with high levels of potassium (626.64-999.74 mg/100 g), phosphorus (494.35-544.60 mg/100g) and magnesium (124.25-146, 07mg/100g). The contents of whole tubers and those defatted in fat, protein, total carbohydrates and energy values were significant. As for the contents of total phenols and flavonoids, hydrolysable and condensed tannins, they vary respectively between 4215.52 and 5106.32 / 3740.52 and 4570.00 µg EAG/g DM; 10.80 and 14.68 / 6.00 and 8.10 µg EAG/g DM; 0.165 and 4.555 / 0.23 and 0.35 µg EAG/g DM; 725.33 and 1486.25 / 242.50 and 1110.98 µg EC/g DM. The analysis of the antinutritional (fibres, oxalates et phytates) parameters was carried out only on the defatted flour, whose contents are respectively 9.32 – 9.81%; 0.0495 – 0.055mg /100g; 12.24 – 33.23 mg/100g. With regard to the nutritional and energy values determined, the tubers of Cyperus esculentus have significant nutritional potential. In addition, its defatted flour contains natural proteins and sugars, which makes it suitable for animal feed.

Keywords: Cyperus esculentus, whole and defatted tubers, chemical composition, Côte d’Ivoire

ABSTRACT

Abstract- Recently, there has been a rapid rise in deforming problems like cancer, in which bone cancer is a problem that takes a long time to move. Primary bone sarcomas are rare tumors, comprising approximately 0.2% of all cancers. Their true incidence is difficult to estimate because of their rarity.¹ Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor are the common bone sarcomas, as per Western data, with rare tumors such as fibrosarcomas, chordomas, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma constituting as the remaining subtypes. Bone sarcomas constitute as the third most common cause of mortality in adolescents. Remarkable achievements with multimodality management of these tumors have led to an increase in their 5-year survival rates, from approximately 50% in the year 1970, to the range of 75–80%, presently, in the adolescent age-group.² Osteosarcoma  the second highest cause of cancer-related death in these age groups, mainly due to development of often fatal metastasis, usually in the lungs. Survival for these patients is poor despite the aggressive use of surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy. Thus, new effective drugs and other forms of therapy are needed.³ This article reviews is about the Ayurvedic medicines that are beneficial in cancer disease. Is some of these special medicines are being discussed in this article to treat diseases like Osteosarcoma.  Hadjod, and nirgundi which is used to reduce the inflammation of the joints, also works as a treatment in bone diseases. Similarly, medicines like Shallaki and Parijat work in treating bone diseases, reducing inflammation and increasing immunity.

Keywords: Hadjod, Shallaki, Parijat, Babool, Nirgundi, Anti cancerous, Bone healing.

ABSTRACT

Bosentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist important in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). It is licensed in the United States, the European Union and other countries by Actelion Pharmaceuticals for the management of PAH under the trade name Tracleer®. Bosentan is used to treat pulmonary hypertension by blocking the action of endothelin molecules that would otherwise promote narrowing of the blood vessels and lead to high blood pressure. The aim of the present study was to develop sustained release formulation of Bosentan to maintain constant therapeutic levels of the drug for over 12 hrs. Various synthetic polymers were employed as polymers. Bosentan dose was fixed as 62.5 mg. Total weight of the tablet was considered as 200 mg. the tablets are prepared by employing direct compression method using 8mm punch. And the Polymers were used in the concentration of 31.5, 41.25, 62.5 mg concentration. All the formulations were passed various physicochemical evaluation parameters and they were found to be within limits. And the drug and excipient compatibility studies showed that there is no interaction between the drug and polymers employed in the formulation. Whereas from the dissolution studies it was evident that the formulation F3, F16 showed better and desired drug release pattern i.e., 98.15±0.06, 96.64±0.02 % respectively in 12 hours. the project work is successful in developing sustained release formulations of Bosentan.

Keywords: Bosentan, anti hypertension, sustained release, etc.

ABSTRACT

Coumarins are the family of benzopyrones, in which benzene ring amalgamated with the pyrone ring. Their versatile oxygen-containing heterocyclic structure and physicochemical characteristics are responsible to attract great attention from medicinal chemists and pharmacologists and for being a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry. In this study, 1, 3, 4 -oxadiazole incorporated a series of new coumarin derivatives have been synthesized. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established on the basis of FT-IR, ¹H NMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antifungal activity against five pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Penicillium chrysogenum and Neurospora crassa by disk-diffusion method. All the compounds were found to have significant antifungal activity against all the fungal strains.

Keywords: Coumarins, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, Antifungal Activity.

ABSTRACT

Apricots are a sweet summer-fruit staple and a wonderful addition to your diabetes meal plan. One apricot has just 17 calories and 4 g of carbohydrates. Four fresh apricots equal one serving and provide more than 50 percent of your daily vitamin A requirement. These fruity jewels are also a good source of fiber. Modern medicine is best for treating any disease in the same way traditional medicine should also be encouraged cause the traditional medicine is available at cheaper cost and said to be without any side effects. To support this anti diabetic activity of apricot kernels is performed. In this study alloxan induced diabetic activity model rat was used. First the kernels are authenticated then extracted using methanol. The methanol extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids etc. which maybe the reason for anti-diabetic activity. Alloxan forms an increased glucose levels that generates diabetes. Post treatment with apricot kernel extract produced significant decrease in glucose levels indicating the therapeutic effect of extract. The method for testing glucose levels in blood is done by glucometer On treatment a dose dependent (low dose-100mg/kg, high dose-200mg/kg.) decrease in glucose levels were observed. For the low dose, the glucose level decreased to 150.1±17mg/dl by 7^th day from 293.1±9.83mg/dl. For the high dose, the glucose level decreased to 125.7±20.7mg/dl by 7^th day from 280.5±42.4mg/dl. However, the standard medicine metformin at the dose of 450mg/kg showed better results with 112.3±2.4mg/dl. Even though the extracts results are lower than the standard with further research and purification of extracts better results can be achieved.

Keywords: Apricot kernel, diabetic activity, wistar rats etc.